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Stormwater Treatments and BMPs
Stormwater treatment methods typically fall into one of the following categories: non-structural or planning level BMPs; structural BMPs; or supplemental pre- and post-treatment options.
Non-structural or Planning Level BMPs
A non-structural BMP is used to limit the impact of development. It is intended to reduce pollution before is starts. The following are examples:
- Pollution prevention practices
– Street sweeping, litter control, animal waste management, etc.
- Better site design
– Preserve pervious areas, control runoff at the source, fit development to terrain
- Runoff volume minimization
Plan for pervious pavements, green roofs, rainwater
harvesting, etc.
Structural BMPs
Structural BMPs are the most common water treatment methods. They are designed structures, either earthen or manufactured, to control runoff after development has occurred.
There are many different methods for treatment, some common examples are listed below:
- Bioretention
– Rain gardens, depressedparking lots, road medians, tree pits, etc.
- Filtration
– Sand filter, grassed channels, dry and wet swales, filter strips, and combinations
- Infiltration
– Trenches, basins, dry wells, underground systems, etc.
- Stormwater Ponds
– Flow-through ponds, wet extended retention ponds, and dry ponds
Supplemental Pre- and Post-treatments
These treatments are most often applied as a supplement to the primary treatment device. It is possible, but not recommended, for the following methods to be used as the only BMPs device:
Proprietary sediment and oil/grease removal devices
- Wet vaults
- Skimmers
- Catch basin inserts
- Chemical treatments
- Biological additives
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Stormwater Treatments and BMPs
- Bioretention (rain gardens)
- Infiltration Basin
- Infiltration Trench
- Sand filters
- Stormwater Ponds
- Underground Infiltration
- Vegetated Filters
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